DLG

A Digital Line Graph (DLG) represents digital vector data into map features. This is a regional DLG map of the suburbs of New South Wales, Australia. It divides the regions into their own separate colors.

http://www.dlg.nsw.gov.au/dlg/dlghome/dlg_regions.asp?region=region&regiontype=3

DRG

Digital Raster Graphics (DRG), are scanned raster images of USGS topographic maps. They are useful when you want to add other digital data onto a map, because it works as a digital background.This is a DRG of Bushkill, Pennsylvania.

https://www.e-education.psu.edu/natureofgeoinfo/c6_p6.html

Isopleths

An isopleth is a line on a map that connects the same amount of ratio of some type of phenomena. The above isopleth shows the hydrogen ion concentration throughout the U.S.. They measure the pH level of any given amount of surface area.

http://dwb4.unl.edu/Chem/CHEM869V/CHEM869VLinks/weather.about.com/newsissues/weather/library/weekly/aa071600a.htm

Isopachs

Isopachs show the thickness of the earth's surface. This map shows the geologic structure and seep distribution of offshore coal oil points. The colors correspond to the sediment overburden.

http://seeps.geol.ucsb.edu/pages/isopach.html

Isohyets

Isohyets are lines that connect points that receive equal amounts of rainfall. It connects different areas that have the same amount of rainfall to show a pattern. This map shows the rainfall throughout the U.S. for June 12-13, 2010.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/weather/ianfergusson/2010/06/formula-one-weather-forecast-c-1.shtml

Isotachs

An isotach is a line on a map connecting points of equal wind speed. The more dense the lines are together, the higher the wind speeds. The wind speeds in the map above are located downstream.

http://www.erh.noaa.gov/btv/events/28Oct2008/ua2.php

Isobars

An isobar is essentially a contour line of pressure. Isobars join average pressure reduced to sea level for a specific period of time.

http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/wxfacts/Isobars-on-surface-maps.htm

LIDAR

LIDAR imagery measures distance by selecting a target with a laser and analyzing the reflected light. It is a remote sensing technique used to sense the distance of features by using light. This LIDAR image is of the New York State, Office for Technology.

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/911/911-maps.html

Doppler Radar

Doppler radar is useful to meteorologists to predict the weather. It measures weather patterns, and shows what the weather will look like in the near future. The above image is a Doppler radar image showing a hurricane that is predicted to hit Florida.


http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2004/s2311.htm

Star Plot

Star plots are useful when determining grades in tests. The above plot is an analysis of a students literary test. It shows how they scored in each section of the test. The graphical representation of the scores is an easy way to visualize what the scores looked like.

http://assessment.tki.org.nz/

Black and White Aerial Photo

Black and white aerial photos are shot from above; in the sky, or outer space. This image is an image of several interstates in Kansas City. The view from above a location makes it easier to understand how things should be displayed on maps.

http://isaacalongi.com/aerial-art-vs-aerial-photography/

Infrared Aerial Photo

This infrared aerial photo is a photo of the Sacramento River Delta. Land always comes out red as opposed to the contrasting blue of water. This makes wavelengths of temperature more apparent.

http://californiamapsociety.org/mapping/remote.php

Cartographic Animation

Cartographic animation maps are usually in motion, and show different patterns. For example, the above map shows weather patterns throughout the year.The colors represent the temperatures.

http://www.uwyo.edu/jshinker/

Statistical Map

A statistical map is any map that shows statistical data being represented. This map displays mean travel time to work in the U.S.. The different colors represent different time frames for travel time to work.

http://www3.uakron.edu/src/DataServ/Abstract/

Cartogram

A cartogram is a map where a thematic variable is substituted for land area or distance. The land area gets resized according to whatever variable is being represented. The above cartogram represents country of origin.

http://agro.biodiver.se/2007/03/singer-cartogram/

Flow Map

This flow map shows the spread of disease across the world. The different colors represent different diseases. Where the "branches" branch out show where the disease is spreading to.

http://www.laphamsquarterly.org/visual/maps/contagion.php

Isoline Map

Isoline maps are two dimensional maps of three dimensional models. This is the mean annual precipitation in Mexico. The lines are curved more in areas of higher precipitation.

http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/atlas_mexico/

Proportional Circle Map

Proportional circle maps show the amount of a variable that is being represented, by altering the sizes of the circles based on how much is being represented of the variable. This map shows the amount of Internet users in Europe in 2004.

http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~jeff/gis/proportional_symbols.html

Hypsometric Map

As opposed to other elevation maps, hypsometric maps show elevation by using colors. Different contour lines get different colors to represent the type of elevation that is represented. The colors used have to be chosen from a number of different color classes.

http://www.reliefshading.com/colors/hypsometric.html

PLSS

The Public Land Survey System (PLSS) map shows is a way of dividing land in the U.S.. This map shows the section map of Harrison County in Iowa. It shows which townships belong to which counties.

http://iagenweb.org/harrison/twp/rangemap.htm

Cadastral Map

Cadastral maps provide information on real property in a specific area. Cadastral maps show boundaries, such as the boundries of property owned by the government and which facilities belong to them. They also provide in detail information about the properties, such as measurements.

http://www.fig.net/hsm/news/frans_1_2007.htm

Topographic Map

Topographic maps use contour lines to represent topographic information. This map is showing different features with the use of contour lines. On topographic maps, contour lines represent elevation.

http://www.compassdude.com/topographic-maps.shtml

Planimetric Map

Plaimetric maps are often used in urban and regional planning departments. They are maps that use point, lines, and polygons to display horizontal information. This map shows different aspects of a specific area of land.

http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/preconstruct/highway/photo/Products/Planimetric_maps_default.html

Correlation Matrix

This matrix gives the correlation between two data sets. This matrix shows the correlation between different industries and the quality. The matrix has a downward slope.

http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=868538&show=html

Stem and Leaf Plot

This stem and leaf plot shows the infant mortality rate in Western Africa. The stem side is the first number, and the leaf side shows the corresponding numbers. From this chart, you can tell the mortality rate is high.

http://mainland.cctt.org/mathsummer/josephbond/stemandplots/stem-and-leaf_std.htm

Parallel Coordinate Graph

Parallel coordinate graphs are is a way of analyzing multivariate data by using high-dimensional geometry. This graph shows the correlation between the ozone, radiation, temperature and wind. The geometry aspect of the graph appeals to a persons aesthetic view to capture their attention.

http://www.stats.uwo.ca/faculty/mcleod/2003/mviz/html/index.html

Bilateral Graph

A bilateral graph shows a comparison of two or more variables. This bilateral graph shows the acceptance of trainees, dispatch of experts, and dispatch of JOCYs. The acceptance of trainees far exceeds the other two variables.

http://www.mofa.go.jp/

DEM

Digital Elevation Models (DEM), show elevation of topographic information. They are used to show elevation changes of different landscapes. Smooth land indicates low elevation, where rigid land indicates higher elevation.

http://www.humboldt.edu/geology/courses/geology350/350_maps_airphotos.html

DOQQ

A Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle (DOQ) is a computer-generated image of an aerial photo. A DOQQ takes and image and incorporated georeferenced characteristics into it. DOQQ's can be a normal photo, black and white, or infrared.

http://www.geomart.com/products/geodata/

Bivariate Choropleth Map

Bivariate choropleth maps show two different variables. This map shows people per square mile in the russian heartland in the left map, and on the right it shows the percent change in population over the years. The percent change is higher in the more densely populated areas.

http://www.geog.le.ac.uk/russianheartland/DemographicMaps/Raions.html

Univariate Choropleth Map

Univariate choropleth maps show one single variable. This map shows percentage of individuals. Higher concentrations are more densely populated, and lower concentrations are less densely populated. 

http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/

Unstandardized Choropleth Map

Unstandardized choropleth maps use different colors to represent data. The data is not areally averaged, it just shows different statistical data over the country of Australia. This map is showing deaths per 1,000 live births in Australia.

http://eps.mq.edu.au/courses/GEOS219/

Standardized Choropleth Map

Standardized choropleth maps show areally averages data. The above map shows the percent of people 14 and under in Canada. The darker green areas are more heavily populated with people 14 and under.

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/92f0138m/2008003/figures/5200001-eng.htm

Nominal Area Choropleth Nap

Nominal choropleth maps shows different areas on a map for nominal data. This map shows the minority with the highest percent of population for each state. The Hispanic population covers a majority of the west, and the Black population covers a majority of the Eastern states.

https://www.e-education.psu.edu/

Lorenz Curve

The lorenz curve was created to display inequality of wealth distribution. This lorenz curve shows the income distribution of 1992. The light green line is the line of equality, and the blue curve is income before taxes and transfers.

https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/econ101-dl/

Similarity Matrix

In a similarity matrix, it shows the correlation between two variables. This similarity matrix shows the correlation between height and weight which results in the Body Mass Index (BMI). The dark red colors are higher rates of obesity and the green colors are a normal weight.

http://www.lonestarbands.com/bmi.asp

Triangular Plot

The triangle plot is a plot to show the connection between three variables. It is common to use in in geological studies. In the above graph, it shows the relationship of the composition of Silt, Sand, and Clay.

http://www.dplot.com/triangle-plot.htm

Index Value Plot

This plot shows the inflation of the adjusted stock price index in India. It covers the time between 1965 to 2008. The stock prices have increased since 1975, and increased significantly in the last 13 years.

http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/~jrvarma/blog/index.cgi/2009/01/

Continuously Variable Proportional Circle Map

Continuously variable proportional circle maps show the size of a circle linked to particular data. The larger the circle, the more people in the industry. For example, the above map shows the different industries and the amount in each industry in Germany.

http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/

Unclassed Choropleth Map

Unclassed choropleth maps aren't very popular because of their lack of a legend. It is often difficult to determine what is being depicted on the map without a key. The above map is like a classed choropleth map, but it does not have the different classes for each shade of a color.

http://www.agocg.ac.uk/

Range Graded Proportional Circle Map

This map shows traffic fatalities in the U.S.. The larger the circle is, the more people it represents.The most fatalities seem to be in the most heavily populated states such as, California, Florida, and Texas.

http://personal.frostburg.edu/mtmaier0/

Population Profile

This is a population profile of India in 2006. This pyramid shows that India has a large young population, and a small older population. This is a good sign for a country, because there is more younger people to contribute to society and take care of the older people.

http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2010/05/art1full.pdf

Classed Choropleth Map

This classed choropeth map shows the percentage changes in divorce rates between 1980 and 1990. The darker blue colors are a higher percent increase than the lighter colors. Classed choropleth maps show different classes such as different percent differences.

http://www.princeton.edu/

Climograph

This map shows the precipitation and temperature for Manitou Springs, Colorado. It shows the amount of rainfall in inches for each month. In the months June and July, the precipitation exceeded the temperature.

http://www.colorado.edu/geography/extra/geogweb/manitousprings/intro/page2.html

Thematic Map

This thematic map shows the estimated median household income in 2008. The darker red colored states have more income, and the lighter red states have less income. Thematic maps display different themes, including political, physical, social, economic, and more.

http://www.colocarto.com/custom-thematic-maps

Propaganda Map

This propaganda map displays what the world looks like according to Ronald Reagan. It shows that he thinks the U.S. is the largest country (and includes Canada), that South America is insignificant, where our oil comes from, and where our cars are made among other things. Propaganda maps are often meant to be comedic, and give a different perspective of different ways people look at the world.

http://bigthink.com/strange-maps/38-the-world-according-to-ronald-reagan

Histogram

This histogram shows the average SAT math scores and how many students per score. The majority of students fall into the 460-560 range. This histogram shows normal distribution.

http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/discussions/HistogramsVsBarGraph/

Windrose

A windrose is a way to measure wind speed and direction at a specific location. This particular windrose is displaying the wind speed at Raleigh-Durham Airport between the years 1948 and 2013. From the windrose you can tell the most wind comes from the southwest.

http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/windrose.php

Scatterplot

This is a scatterplot of success versus length. For example, if success is your grade, and length is the amount of time you spent studying for a test, then you will get a higher grade for the longer amount of time you study. Scatterplots are good for showing the correlation between two factors and how it can contribute to a specific outcome.

http://sites.stat.psu.edu/~lsimon/stat501wc/sp05/minitab/scatter_plot.html

Dot Distribution Map

This map shows the distribution of Hispanic people throughout the U.S.. The legend shows that one dot represents 100,000 people. The majority of the Hispanic population is in the southeast, northeast, west, and in Texas.

https://www.e-education.psu.edu/natureofgeoinfo/book/export/html/1553